Breathing device.



G. A. MORGAN. BREATHING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG; 19-, 1912.

Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

I SHEETS-511E221. 1.

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G. A. MORGAN.

BREATHING DEVICE.

I I APPILIOATION FILED AUG. 19, 1912.

1, 1 1 3,675. Patented Oct. 13,1914.

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W I 22267 W7 q fizz UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GABBETT.A. MORGAN, OF CLE VELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL SAFETY DEVICE COMPANY, OFOBERLIN, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

BREATHING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 13, 1914,.

Application filed August 19, 1912. Serial N 0. 715,697.

to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The objects of the invention are'to provide a portable attachment which will enable a fireman to enter a house filled with thick suffocating gases and 'smokeand to breathe freely for some time therein, andthereby enable him to perform his duties of saving life and valuables without danger to himself from suffocation.

The device is also eflicient'and useful for rotection to engineers, chemists, and work ing men who are obliged to breathe noxious fumesor dust derived from the materials in which they are obliged to work.

The invention has for its further objects to provide a device which can be quickly and easily attached and carried upon the person without the delay caused by buckling straps or the use of fastening devices of any kind and thus will be serviceable for immediate use in emergencies, since a little delay will often endanger life beyond recovery.

The invention comprises a hood to be placed over the head of the user, from which depends a tube provided with an inlet opening for air and the tube is long enough to enter a layer of air underneath the dense smoke within the hall or apartment entered by the fireman, and which can be placed beyond the reach of gaseous fumes or dust, and through which pure or much purer air can be furnished to the user. The hood is also provided with an appliance enabling the operator to hear clearly what is going on about him.

The invention further consists in the combination and arrangement of parts and manner of construction of the various details hereinafter described, shown in the accompanying drawings and specifically pointed out in the claims' In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of the preferred form of the device arranged in position upon the head and body of a fireman; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same and Fig. 3 a rear elevation thereof; Fig. 4 is an'eleva-tion of a. modified form of hood; Fig. 4 is a section of inlet'tube; Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the 'hood enlarged'; Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the hood enlarged; Fig. 7 is a vertical section of the outlet valve and exhaust pipe, and Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the hearing-1 tube.

In-ft ese views A. is a hood formed of flexible material impervious to water and gas such-as rubber cloth, and it can also be made of fire resisting material such as as- "bestos cloth if desired.

The hood is provided with a downwardly and rearwardly extending flap B which can be inserted-underneath' the coat to prevent gases or dust from entering the hood. At

the front of the hood and communicating with the space in frontof the face are the tubes D. D. which pass downwardly around the waist, on both sides of the body, so as to rest' upon the hips-and there unite behind the body to form a single tube D This tubeD 'depends behind the wearer so as to be outof the way of his hands and feet, and not'impede his movements, and at the lower extremity it is'provi'ded with the opening D which will fall with the tube to a lower level than the body, and hence will enter a zone or layer of comparatively pure air, since when the; upper part of the room is filled with fumes or gas tothe' point of asphyxiation'the lower-portion of the room will be comparatively free from smoke for some time, enabling. a quick exploration of the room to be accomplished, and quick rescues performed.

In other situations where the noxious gases are heavier than air the mouth D of the tube can be elevated above the level of the gas. This tube may be of any length desired but for ordinary use the length shown just avoiding the floor will be suflicient.

' The device as shown, is easily and quickly attached to the body by lacing the head and shoulders through the lbop formed by the tubes D, and is supported upon the hips by means of this encircling loop, and in the use to which a fireman would put it the extremity of the tube will trail naturally behind the wearer, thus leaving the arms and feet unimpeded inthen-action, fg-ee for use. The appliance can be adjusted to the head ndt y. n a e conds An additional advantage is obtained by the use of the loop which encircles the'body', since the inlet passage is duplicated at the breathe freely through theotherpontion.

atmosphere.

andwillinot be afiected by amomparat vely;

3, Thecombinationwith a firemanshood,

. Thetubes D extend downwardly from thefront o the hood and-to prevent; smoke or gas. f o n ng the ho -1' ehind: thesejt-ubes an,apron or flap C. joins the u per and inner edgesofthetubes and exten downwardlyoverthe throat and chest This flap, and:

thefiap B, overlap at C and are insertedi F underneath the-collar of. the coat and when,

the coat is tightly buttoned no smokecan get;

underneath the. flaps intothe hood, and no elastic or collan'orother appliance is-neces. sary that might interfere with free" respira. tion. a a

To improve the quality-ofth'eair entenin the mouth D of. the tube, the smoke-and; dust; which might; enter the tube are retarded] in the following manner: ,The lower end of; the tube is lined for some distance with an h e b nt ma e l 1' PQI1gQ S -Whi Sm en d-W h at ef eiusinghe app a e s, rv s o keep he air mois l at he, ce o he tu e; nd; cheekstheascent of smoke and; duetg-upthetube and also tendsto freshen the; air entering the; tube by 1 adding; a cooler temperature}. to the; i an s pp n xygenf n he v p A- piece of some transparent material suchas; mica can be inserted at E- in the hood; to enablethe wearer to seeclearly, and adpor: F. over the mouth permitsrof supplying freshair to the hood quickly incaseof needz and when thewearer is. not: inthejgaseous; Mica can, bereadily cleaned high degree of temperature.

Amt G is shown atube placed: inside the; hood and provided with a; mouth piece G.

This tube extends to the upper ofthehood andvwhen the used ain f rom; th e lungs.- hood is dischargedinto this tube it wilhactupona light ball H. in an opening Hl-ahtheiop: of the hood and raise it.

the mouth will produce a. currentthrough this opening which will draw all the foul afirfrom the upper end of thehoodand Will increase the draft through the air,- inlet tube D by suction. In thismanner-the-entlance of fresh air can be placed under the control; of the operator, who can-force infresh air at any time by, blowing into the tube A net H prevents the escape of the. ball.

To enable the operator to i hear, readily 'Dhis ball closes-the opening H and when raisedthedraft fromwhat'is oipgionabout hiin, on-the:signals of the chie small ear trumpets T. T. are inv tted. the sides, of, the hood and when, th 1100i isput in place th nimieli'extremiti'es' of these ear trumpets are inserted in the openinthe ears.

' o insure that smoke tight joints are obtained about these trumpets and to prevent them from slipping out of the cars, a light spring lcan be-pla'ced over the back, of the head or secured to the hood, the ends of which ress theatr-umpets inwardly;

In F- g, 4 a vmodification is shown in which azshort tu e G;;- extends fromthe rear of the EhOOdt'flIld, which would be efiicient forthe protection. of chemistson workmen whose worlg-creates a dust or fumes or gases which donot extend so fanto-the rear;

Modifications in the-shapeor construction iof partsgmayebein the devicewithout departing from, the scope} of the claims.

Having described the invention what I 4 claim aa-new a'ndi desire to secure by Letters 1 P te t; s:

L Thecombination with a firemans hood, a device fonsupplying air thereto, said heod' pro ded. with a t et opening in its f-HQPQY end; a gravity valve in saidi opening,

lee-,tnbe ha ng. n et opening withi said hood into which the wearer can exhale his br ath, aid-i exh l ng; t be ha ing ts; outlet npen n-g pp sitethetle op ningr r h -=h0 .d: a nd: spaced therefrom, substantially rasid seribe q. Y

2. The combination witha-firemans hood, of a tuheifor-supplyingain thereto, a sepajrate tube into which the air-exhaled by the wearer is discharged, and having an inlet peni g;arranged opposite the mouthof; the wearer, and having an outlet openingat the upper end, qf the hood. but, spaced: there- 'from the wall of said hood having anoutlet opening opposi ethe outlet opening in said e xhaling, tube but! spaced therefrom, and a lgravity valve inithe outlet opening in said of an air inlet ther f r, an. haling, t be r- {ranged withi h oed, d ha g an o et opening: loc ed within he hoo s i having, an outlet opening located oppogitethe outlet opening in said exhaling :tu e.

4; Elie-combination witha firemans hood providediwith inlet and outlet openings, of an appliance located within the hood; and controlled by; the breath of the operator, for creating a circulation of fresh air in the he d-i 5., lmcombination with a hood having an opening its, upper end, o-f-a pair. of flexible breathing tubes connected. with the; lower front, face thereofi, said tubes joined together a ntelime eteof thei sa orming p of sufliicient sizeto embrace-the body of! a fireman and rest upon his hips, and a single tube communicating with said air of tubes at their point of juncture, an adapted to depend behind the wearer.

6. The combination of a hood adapted to extend over the head of the wearer, an air tube leading downward from a point adj acent to the mouth of the wearer and then dividing into two passageways adapted to extend onto opposite sides of the wearers waist and rest on the hips, said tube merging into a single tube at the rear.

7 In a firemans protectin device, the combination of a hood, means or supplying air thereto, and means operated by the breath of the fireman for forcing out exhausted air from the hood.

8. The combination of a hood, an air su ply pipe thereto, and a pipe carried by t e hood and having an entrance substantially opposite the mouth of the wearer of the hood and an exit near the upper end of the hood, there being an opening from the hood adjacent to such exit, whereby air blown through the tube may exhaust air from the hood.

9. In a firemans protecting device, the combination of a hood adapted to extend over the head of the fireman and provided with a cape adapted to lie beneath the firemans coat collar, an air ipe leading downward from the forward side of the hood and dividing into two tubes, said tubes coming together at the rear in such position that they are adapted to rest on and be supported by the hips of the wearer.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my hand this 14th day of August 1912.

GARRETT A. MORGAN.

In presence of- WM. M. Mormon, C. L. CASE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. 0." 

